SYS POWER SUPPLY UM E
If switch S1 is closed the current I 1 flows through the primary winding N1 of the transformer
Tr. As with the flyback converter, one part of the current I 1 is stored in the transformer Tr
in the form of magnetic energy. Unlike the flyback converter the windings N1 and N2 have
the same winding sense. As a result, the current I 1 induces the square-wave voltage U 2 of
the same polarity in the secondary winding N2. The voltage U 2 causes the current I 2 to flow
across diode D1 and the current I 3 to flow across the inductance L1. It also loads the
capacitance C2. Inductance L1 stores one part of the current I 3 in the form magnetic
energy.
+
I 1
N1
N1'
tr
N2 I 2
D1
L1
I 3
+
U in
D3
U out
C1
U 1
Tr
U 2
U 3
C2
U ctrl
D2
-
S1
-
5598D416
Figure 2-16
Forward converter with power switch S1 closed
If the power switch S1 is opened, the polarities on the windings N1 and N2 are reversed.
Diode D1 in the output circuit is now in reverse direction. Windings N1 and N2 are at zero
current. As a result, the energy flow from the primary to the secondary circuit is interrupted.
The energy stored in inductance L1 avoids interruptions of the energy flow in the
secondary circuit. The storage inductance L1 avoids interruptions of the current I 3 using
the free-wheeling diode D3.
N1
N1'
N2
D1
L1
I 3
1
+
U in
I 1 '
U '
U 1 '
tr
D3
+
U out
C1
U ctrl
U 1
D2
U fl
Tr
U 2
C2
-
-
Figure 2-17
Forward converter with power switch S1 opened
5598D417
2-20
PHOENIX CONTACT
5598_en_03
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